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dc.titleDirect and Spillover Effects of an Agricultural Technology Adoption Program: Evidence from Bolivia
dc.contributor.authorSalazar, Lina
dc.contributor.authorBernal Hernandez, Sebastian
dc.contributor.authorMiranda Baez, Luis Enrique
dc.contributor.orgunitAgriculture and Rural Development Division
dc.coverageBolivia
dc.coverageSouth America
dc.date.available2025-06-30T00:06:00
dc.date.issue2025-06-06T00:06:00
dc.description.abstractThis study employs an experimental approach to estimate both the direct and indirect effects (i.e. spillovers) of an agricultural technology adoption program on small landholder farmers in Bolivia. Specifically, the evaluation focuses on the second phase of the "Creación de Iniciativas Agroalimentarias Rurales" (CRIAR) program, which aimed to increase agricultural productivity, income, and food security among smallholder farmers through technology adoption. Implementing a two-stage randomized experiment, the study uses instrumental variable (IV) analysis to measure the local average treatment effect (LATE) of the program. The survey sample includes 1,684 farmers, consisting of direct beneficiaries, contaminated control households, and pure control households. Findings reveal statistically significant direct effects on household income, total production value, sales, technology adoption, and crop diversification. The results also suggest that most of the direct effects intensify over time. Furthermore, the analysis confirms the presence of spillover effects, supporting the hypothesis that farmers residing near program beneficiaries receive indirect benefits.
dc.format.extent54
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013560
dc.identifier.urlhttps://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/document/Direct-and-Spillover-Effects-of-an-Agricultural-Technology-Adoption-Program-Evidence-from-Bolivia.pdf
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherInter-American Development Bank
dc.relation.seriesImpact Evaluations
dc.subjectCrops
dc.subjectTechnology Adoption
dc.subjectMunicipal Government
dc.subjectAgricultural Productivity
dc.subjectAgrotechnology
dc.subjectFood Security
dc.subjectAgricultural Production
dc.subjectClimate Change
dc.subjectImpact Evaluation
dc.subject.jelcodeO13 - Agriculture • Natural Resources • Energy • Environment • Other Primary Products
dc.subject.jelcodeO33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes
dc.subject.jelcodeQ12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
dc.subject.jelcodeQ16 - R&D • Agricultural Technology • Biofuels • Agricultural Extension Services
dc.subject.jelcodeQ18 - Agricultural Policy • Food Policy
dc.subject.keywordsAgricultural Technology;Technology adoption;Agricultural productivity;food security;Smallholder farmers;Bolivia
idb.identifier.pubnumberIDB-WP-01715
idb.operationRG-T4539
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